{"id":165,"date":"2022-04-14T15:54:04","date_gmt":"2022-04-14T08:54:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/biomedical.vn\/?p=165"},"modified":"2022-08-10T15:11:19","modified_gmt":"2022-08-10T08:11:19","slug":"cac-loai-xet-nghiem-sinh-hoc-phan-tu-thuong-dung","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/biomedical.vn\/en\/cac-loai-xet-nghiem-sinh-hoc-phan-tu-thuong-dung\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m sinh h\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n t\u1eed th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng"},"content":{"rendered":"

X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m sinh h\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n t\u1eed (molecular diagnosis) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m t\u00e2n ti\u1ebfn \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong ng\u00e0nh y h\u1ecdc ng\u00e0y nay. K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y ra \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i chu\u1ed7i PCR t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng PCR \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 gi\u00fap nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y n\u00ean b\u1ec7nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hi\u1ec7n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd nh\u01b0 HIV, HBV,.. qua vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh l\u00e0m HBV \u0111o t\u1ea3i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng, HBV \u0111o t\u1ea3i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Real-time PCR…<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m sinh h\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n t\u1eed l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m sinh h\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n t\u1eed l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m nh\u1eb1m ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb sinh h\u1ecdc \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n t\u1eed nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n acid nucleic, c\u00e1c gen ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh hay th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 gen c\u1ee7a vi sinh v\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m sinh h\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n t\u1eed l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p chu\u1ed7i gen PCR, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn nh\u1ea3y v\u1ecdt t\u1eeb th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ecnh gen. K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y nh\u1eb1m gi\u00fap vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m sinh h\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n t\u1eed, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ee9ng d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng \u00e2m. Ch\u1ee9ng d\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u1eabu ch\u1ee9ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a \u0111o\u1ea1n ADN\/ARN m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Ch\u1ee9ng \u00e2m l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng m\u1eabu ch\u1ee9ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111o\u1ea1n ADN\/ARN m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eb1m gi\u00fap ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nhi\u1ec5m ch\u00e9o khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"\/<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

2. X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m sinh h\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n t\u1eed s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng 2 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p PCR v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt Real-time PCR.<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

 K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p PCR:<\/strong> Gi\u00fap nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n vi khu\u1ea9n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nhanh ch\u00f3ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng PCR. Trong m\u1ed7i ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p PCR s\u1ebd c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 20-35 v\u00f2ng, sau m\u1ed7i v\u00f2ng th\u00ec DNA s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i l\u00ean theo h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 m\u0169. \u0110\u1ec3 c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd l\u1ea5y b\u1ec7nh ph\u1ea9m ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m trong n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p, \u0111i\u1ec1u nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00fang v\u1edbi t\u1eebng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p sai s\u00f3t, ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng PCR x\u1ea3y ra v\u1edbi hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng x\u1ea3y ra d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng PCR \u00e2m t\u00ednh m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n r\u1ea5t r\u00f5. \u0110\u00f4i khi, v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nhi\u1ec5m ch\u00e9o gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c m\u1eabu ch\u1ee9ng th\u00ec s\u1ebd c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng PCR d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh ngay c\u1ea3 khi bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n r\u1ea5t m\u1edd nh\u1ea1t, kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

 K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt Real-time PCR:<\/strong> k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y g\u1ea7n t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt PCR, tuy nhi\u00ean \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u00eam m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ghi t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u khi x\u1ea3 ra ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p PCR. D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean vi\u1ec7c so s\u00e1nh s\u1ed1 v\u00f2ng m\u1eabu th\u1eed v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 v\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a m\u1eabu chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong c\u0169ng m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian x\u1ea3y ra ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ed1 v\u00f2ng m\u1eabu th\u1eed g\u1ea5p bao nhi\u00eau l\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 v\u00f2ng m\u1eabu chu\u1ea9n, r\u1ed3i d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 DNA c\u1ee7a m\u1eabu th\u1eed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n nay,\u00a0Biomedical<\/a>\u00a0\u0111ang l\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb cung c\u1ea5p uy t\u00edn trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kinh doanh h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng cho ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb d\u00f9ng cho ph\u00f2ng lab. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i chuy\u00ean cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ch\u00ednh h\u00e3ng, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o uy t\u00edn \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi tay ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng. Khi \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m sinh h\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n t\u1eed (molecular diagnosis) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m t\u00e2n ti\u1ebfn \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong ng\u00e0nh y h\u1ecdc ng\u00e0y nay. K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y ra \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i chu\u1ed7i PCR t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c […]","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":166,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[22,24],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-165","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc","category-tin-tuc-chuyen-nganh"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/biomedical.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/165","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/biomedical.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/biomedical.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/biomedical.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/15"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/biomedical.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=165"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/biomedical.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/165\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/biomedical.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/166"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/biomedical.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=165"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/biomedical.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=165"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/biomedical.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=165"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}