{"id":169,"date":"2022-04-14T15:58:56","date_gmt":"2022-04-14T08:58:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/biomedical.vn\/?p=169"},"modified":"2022-08-10T15:11:25","modified_gmt":"2022-08-10T08:11:25","slug":"cac-loai-xet-nghiem-sinh-hoc-phan-tu-thuong-dung-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/biomedical.vn\/en\/cac-loai-xet-nghiem-sinh-hoc-phan-tu-thuong-dung-2\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m sinh h\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n t\u1eed th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m sinh h\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n t\u1eed (molecular diagnosis) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m t\u00e2n ti\u1ebfn \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong ng\u00e0nh y h\u1ecdc ng\u00e0y nay. K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y ra \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i chu\u1ed7i PCR t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng PCR \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 gi\u00fap nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y n\u00ean b\u1ec7nh. Hi\u1ec7n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd nh\u01b0 HIV, HBV,.. qua vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh l\u00e0m HBV \u0111o t\u1ea3i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng, HBV \u0111o t\u1ea3i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Real-time PCR&#8230;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m sinh h\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n t\u1eed l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m sinh h\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n t\u1eed<\/strong>&nbsp;l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m nh\u1eb1m ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb sinh h\u1ecdc \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n t\u1eed nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n acid nucleic, c\u00e1c gen ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh hay th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 gen c\u1ee7a vi sinh v\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m sinh h\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n t\u1eed l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p chu\u1ed7i gen PCR, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn nh\u1ea3y v\u1ecdt t\u1eeb th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ecnh gen. K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y nh\u1eb1m gi\u00fap vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Trong x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m sinh h\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n t\u1eed, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ee9ng d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng \u00e2m. Ch\u1ee9ng d\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u1eabu ch\u1ee9ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a \u0111o\u1ea1n ADN\/ARN m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Ch\u1ee9ng \u00e2m l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng m\u1eabu ch\u1ee9ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111o\u1ea1n ADN\/ARN m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eb1m gi\u00fap ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nhi\u1ec5m ch\u00e9o khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m sinh h\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n t\u1eed s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng 2 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p PCR v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt Real-time PCR.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p PCR:<\/strong>&nbsp;Gi\u00fap nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n vi khu\u1ea9n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nhanh ch\u00f3ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng PCR. Trong m\u1ed7i ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p PCR s\u1ebd c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 20-35 v\u00f2ng, sau m\u1ed7i v\u00f2ng th\u00ec DNA s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i l\u00ean theo h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 m\u0169. \u0110\u1ec3 c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd l\u1ea5y b\u1ec7nh ph\u1ea9m ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m trong n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p, \u0111i\u1ec1u nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00fang v\u1edbi t\u1eebng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p sai s\u00f3t, ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng PCR x\u1ea3y ra v\u1edbi hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng x\u1ea3y ra d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng PCR \u00e2m t\u00ednh m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n r\u1ea5t r\u00f5. \u0110\u00f4i khi, v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nhi\u1ec5m ch\u00e9o gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c m\u1eabu ch\u1ee9ng th\u00ec s\u1ebd c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng PCR d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh ngay c\u1ea3 khi bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n r\u1ea5t m\u1edd nh\u1ea1t, kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt Real-time PCR:<\/strong>&nbsp;k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y g\u1ea7n t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt PCR, tuy nhi\u00ean \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u00eam m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ghi t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u khi x\u1ea3 ra ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p PCR. D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean vi\u1ec7c so s\u00e1nh s\u1ed1 v\u00f2ng m\u1eabu th\u1eed v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 v\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a m\u1eabu chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong c\u0169ng m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian x\u1ea3y ra ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ed1 v\u00f2ng m\u1eabu th\u1eed g\u1ea5p bao nhi\u00eau l\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 v\u00f2ng m\u1eabu chu\u1ea9n, r\u1ed3i d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 DNA c\u1ee7a m\u1eabu th\u1eed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/vinmec-prod.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/20190712_073619_896458_gene-la-gi.max-1800x1800.jpg\" alt=\"Gene l\u00e0 g\u00ec\"\/><figcaption>K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p PCR gi\u00fap nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n vi khu\u1ea9n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nhanh ch\u00f3ng<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m sinh h\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n t\u1eed trong ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n HBV v\u00e0 HIV<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>2.1. X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m sinh h\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n t\u1eed \u1edf HBV<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng trong ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n HBV, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m sinh h\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n t\u1eed \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m&nbsp;<strong>HBV \u0111o t\u1ea3i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng:<\/strong>&nbsp;\u0110\u1ec3 gi\u00fap nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n vi khu\u1ea9n HBV, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng virus tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb, do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a virus trong su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u0103ng gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>B\u1ec7nh ph\u1ea9m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng: 4ml m\u00e1u c\u00f3 ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00f4ng EDTA ho\u1eb7c 1,2ml huy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh.<\/li><li>K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m s\u1ebd c\u00f3 sau 3 ng\u00e0y.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>HBV \u0111o t\u1ea3i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Real-time PCR<\/strong>: Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i \u1edf tr\u00ean, k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 PCR nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u00eam thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb t\u00ednh to\u00e1n v\u1ec1 m\u1ed1c th\u1eddi gian x\u1ea3y ra ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng PCR \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a m\u1eabu th\u1eed trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 \u00edch cho vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ngo\u00e0i ra \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u00f2n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u0110\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh HBV b\u1eb1ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt PCR: ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n DNA c\u1ee7a HBV trong m\u00e1u ho\u1eb7c trong t\u1ebf b\u00e0o gan ngay c\u1ea3 khi HBsAg \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1eb7c hi\u1ec7u cao.<\/li><li>X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ec3u gen HBV b\u1eb1ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 ho\u1eb7c RFLP. HBV c\u00f3 8 ki\u1ec3u gen kh\u00e1c nhau trong \u0111\u00f3 genotype l\u00e0 ki\u1ec3u gen li\u00ean quan kh\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ebfn ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh, s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng cho th\u1ea5y genotype C \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng k\u00e9m v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng virus nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 ung th\u01b0 cao h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi genotype B. Do \u0111\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ec3u gen c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n, \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ti\u00ean l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ec7nh.<\/li><li>X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m sinh h\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n t\u1eed c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tham gia v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n vi\u00eam gan B m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m sinh h\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n t\u1eed \u1edf HBV, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi HCV ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u0169ng ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt PCR, \u0111o t\u1ea3i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng virus HCV, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ec3u gen HCV.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/vinmec-prod.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/20190909_112824_057676_d552fb6b042aed74b43.max-1800x1800.jpg\" alt=\"Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m vi\u00eam gan B?\"\/><figcaption>X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m sinh h\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n t\u1eed c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tham gia v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n vi\u00eam gan B m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>2.2. X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m sinh h\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n t\u1eed \u1edf HIV<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n HBV, \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n HIV, trong h\u1ecdc s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng sinh h\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n t\u1eed \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m HIV \u0111o t\u1ea3i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 qua \u0111\u00f3 gi\u00fap ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng virus \u0111ang c\u00f3 trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 r\u1ed3i t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0a ra ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb t\u1ed1i \u01b0u nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi gi\u00fap ti\u00ean l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ec7nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>B\u1ec7nh ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m sinh h\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n t\u1eed ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n HIV: 4ml m\u00e1u ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00f4ng EDTA ho\u1eb7c 1,5ml huy\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/li><li>K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m s\u1ebd c\u00f3 sau 1 tu\u1ea7n k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y l\u00e0m x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf tr\u00ean l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1c vi sinh g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng m\u1edbi nh\u01b0 HIV, HCV, HCV, SARS&#8230; hay \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng n\u1ea5m m\u00e0 n\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m vi sinh th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh hay \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng ch\u1eadm \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi, khi \u0111\u00f3, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m sinh h\u1ecdc s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y, gi\u00fap ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n nhanh, ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cho vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 trong ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n HBV, HIV, \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 vi\u00eam gan virus C, b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd do n\u1ea5m chlamydia, do adenovirus, dengue virus hay mycoplasma&#8230;ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u0169ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m sinh h\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n t\u1eed v\u1edbi k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p PCR v\u00e0 Real-time PCR \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m sinh h\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n t\u1eed (molecular diagnosis) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m t\u00e2n ti\u1ebfn \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong ng\u00e0nh y h\u1ecdc ng\u00e0y nay. K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y ra \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i chu\u1ed7i PCR t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c [&#8230;]","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":194,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[22,24],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-169","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc","category-tin-tuc-chuyen-nganh"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/biomedical.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/169","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/biomedical.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/biomedical.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/biomedical.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/15"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/biomedical.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=169"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/biomedical.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/169\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/biomedical.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/194"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/biomedical.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=169"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/biomedical.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=169"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/biomedical.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=169"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}